Borrowers are generally holding up well in the face of high interest rates and cost of living pressures, as outlined by the Reserve Bank in the October financial stability update.

Yet there were cracks starting to appear, with a growing number of households in the early phases of financial stress.

Mortgage holders were found to be siphoning off larger amounts of household income, according to the report.

The share of variable-rate owner-occupier borrowers devoting at least one-third of their reported income to their mortgage payments had jumped from around 4 per cent in April 2022 to around 20 per cent in July 2023.

The majority of borrowers – with the exception of those still on ultra-low fixed-rate loans – have seen their monthly payments swell between 30 and 50 per cent since April 2022.

Despite clear pressures on family budgets, very few borrowers have fallen behind on their monthly repayments or sought to modify their loans to temporarily ease pressure.

The RBA chalked this up to the strong jobs market, with most people employed and generally finding it easy to pick up extra work, as well as substantial savings buffers to draw down on.

Strained households had also been cutting back on nice-to-haves and focusing on value when it came to shopping for essentials.

The central bank said Australian households and businesses remained well-placed to weather a challenging set of economic conditions.

“Incidences of severe financial stress are expected to increase but remain limited to a small share of housing borrowers,” the report said.

Renters were also found to be much more likely to be experiencing stress than other housing groups.

On the global stage, the risks to financial stability remained elevated.

The possibility of a widespread slowdown in the Chinese economy was flagged as a possible risk to financial stability, as well as concerns stemming from inflation and interest rates remaining high for longer.

“Inflation and interest rates remaining high for an extended period could lead to a significant deterioration in credit quality that could lead to lenders cutting back on the provision of credit,” the report warned.

“There could also be declines in asset prices that are sufficiently disorderly to disrupt financial system functioning.”

A sharp increase in unemployment and a slowdown in advanced economies was also highlighted by the central bank.

Treasurer Jim Chalmers said Australia’s resilient labour market and well-regulated financial system would insulate the nation from challenging global economic conditions.

“We know Australians are doing it tough and higher interest rates will continue to bite, particularly as more and more households come off lower fixed-rate mortgages,” he said.