Support for ‘global tax’ base on multinationals swells to 130 countries
Most of the countries negotiating a global overhaul of cross-border taxation of multinationals have backed plans for new rules on where companies are taxed at a rate of at least 15 per cent, they have said after two days of talks.
OECD boss and former Federal Minister Mattias Cormann. (Photo: AAP Image/Mick Tsikas)
The Paris-based Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, which hosted the talks, said a global minimum corporate income tax of at least 15 per cent could yield about $US150 billion ($A201 billion) in additional global tax revenues annually.
The OECD has been led by Australian Mathias Cormann since June.
It said 130 countries, representing more than 90 per cent of global GDP, had backed the agreement at the talks.
New rules on where the biggest multinationals are taxed would shift taxing rights on more than $US100 billion of profits to countries where the profits are earned, it added.
“With a global minimum tax in place, multinational corporations will no longer be able to pit countries against one another in a bid to push tax rates down,” US President Joe Biden said in a statement.
“They will no longer be able to avoid paying their fair share by hiding profits generated in the United States, or any other country, in lower-tax jurisdictions,” he said.
One source close to the talks said it had taken tough negotiations to get China on board.
A US administration official said there were no China-specific carve-outs or exceptions in the deal.
The minimum corporate tax does not require countries to set their rates at the agreed floor but gives other countries the right to apply a top-up levy to the minimum on companies’ income coming from a country that has a lower rate.
The G7 advanced economies agreed in June on a minimum tax rate of at least 15 per cent.
The broader agreement will go to the G20 major economies for political endorsement at a meeting in Venice next week.
Technical details are to be agreed by October so that the new rules can be implemented by 2023, a statement from countries that backed the agreement said.
The nine countries that did not sign were the low-tax EU members Ireland, Estonia and Hungary as well as Peru, Barbados, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sri Lanka, Nigeria and Kenya.
Holdouts risk becoming isolated because not only did all major economies sign up but so did many noted tax havens such as Bermuda, the Cayman Islands and the British Virgin Islands.
Irish Finance Minister Paschal Donohoe, whose country has attracted many big US tech firms with its 12.5 per cent corporate tax rate, said he was “not in a position to join the consensus” but would still try to find an outcome he could support.
In the European Union, the deal will need an EU law to be passed, most likely during France’s presidency of the bloc in the first half of 2022, and that will require unanimous backing from all EU members.
Welcoming the deal as the most important international tax deal reached in a century, French Finance Minister Bruno Le Maire said he would try to win over those holding out.
“I ask them to do everything to join this historic agreement which is largely supported by most countries,” he said, adding that all big digital corporations would be covered by the agreement.
The new minimum tax rate of at least 15 per cent would apply to companies with turnover above a 750-million-euro ($A1.2-billion) threshold, with only the shipping industry exempted.
The new rules on where multinationals are taxed aims to divide the right to tax their profits in a fairer way among countries as the emergence of digital commerce had made it possible for big tech firms to book profits in low tax countries regardless where they money was earned.
Companies considered in scope would be multinationals with global turnover above 20 billion euros and a pre-tax profit margin above 10 per cent, with the turnover threshold possibly coming down to 10 billion euros after seven years following a review.
Extractive industries and regulated financial services are to be excluded from the rules on where multinationals are taxed.